Originally,
44 police cars were equipped with
receivers. It was reported that
"officers driving swift moving
automobiles" took an average of only
two minutes forty seconds to respond to
any call in the city, so thirty-five
additional car radios were added as soon
as funds became available. The monthly
report in June, 1931 indicated 12,644
radio messages were broadcast.
Before
long, it was recognized that the value of
police radio could be better realized by
a more streamlined method of call-taking.
On August 26, 1931 a new system was
instituted, which increased speed in
answering and dispatching calls. Now,
police officers working the
eight-position "Complaint
Board" would receive all incoming
public calls directly on a new "MICHIGAN 6111"
telephone
number, instead of having them relayed by
the Central switchboard operators. It was
reported that this change cut nearly four
minutes off the time previously required
for the civilian switchboard operators on
the "FABER 6111"
trunk line to find out from the caller
their location, the nature of their call,
which city department to refer them to,
and transfer the call.
These
Complaint Board officers were required to
have at least five years experience in
the field. Routine calls were then sent
by the conveyor belt to the radio room
(in background, behind windows), which
had five dispatcher positions and a
"link" operator.
Emergency "Hot Shot" Calls
When
an emergency call such as a
robbery or shooting came in, the complaint board officer could press a button and his telephone conversation would be carried
over "hot-shot" loudspeakers installed in
offices such as Detective
Headquarters Division, in Robbery and Homicide
Divisions, and others. This served to
alert detectives to a possible
call for them, as well as to
reduce the chance of human error
by the board officer.
Radio
microphones were installed
at the complaint board, so the
officer receiving the call could broadcast it immediately. Even today the term "hot-shot" still refers to a crime in progress, which the call-taker will immediately broadcast rather than only routing it to the radio dispatcher (RTO).
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Soon,
sergeants' vehicles also got radio
receivers, and major calls could be
answered by field supervisors as well as
by the concerned patrol car. Divisional
desk sergeants and detective offices were
equipped with receiving sets. When the
station supervisor felt it appropriate,
he could send the division
"emergency car" on a call. In
the infrequent event - less than 1% of
all calls - that the radio car officers
did not receive the broadcasts, this
ensured that the police were indeed
responding, and provided the additional
manpower that might be needed at a major
incident.
LAPD
broadcasts were monitored regularly by
the Orange County Sheriff, the police
departments of Beverly Hills, Alhambra,
Santa Monica, Culver City, San Fernando,
Hermosa Beach, Huntington Park, Burbank,
Glendale, La Habra, Moorpark, and as far
off as San Clemente, as well as several
Fruit Patrol agencies in Los Angeles and
Orange Counties. LAPD had
agreements with a number of police
agencies to broadcast their emergency
calls.
Beginning
in 1933, the Los Angeles County Sheriff's
Office and LAPD conducted a number of
tests to determine whether police radio
was adaptable to the more-rural Sheriff's
patrols and constables. These were mainly
done on busy weekend nights, and
eventually Sheriff Eugene Biscailuz
decided that radio would work for his
department. Until the county got its own
radio station, KQBV, on
the air in 1938, LAPD dispatched radio
calls for eight of the sheriff's nine
substations, at a charge to the County of
15-cents per call. This generally
amounted to $2000-$3000 per
year. Pasadena police were
contracted to dispatch for the Altadena
sheriff's station, as the Los Angeles
transmitter didn't cover the foothill
areas very reliably.
With
the inauguration of the
radio-communication system, the city was
divided into 60 radio-patrol districts,
scattered throughout the 15 geographical
divisions. This was also the start of
numbering patrol units according to their
division of assignment. Central Division,
then as now, was Division No. 1. It was
divided into six radio patrol districts,
numbered 11 - 16. Each patrol district
was further divided into two sections,
the second section receiving a
"W" suffix, such as Sections 11
and 11W. The radio car's unit number was
the same as the section number to which
it was assigned.
There
was a large patrol-district map in the
complaint-board room at City Hall, and
each radio car had a duplicate map on curtain
rollers attached to the car ceiling!
Each car on radio patrol duty was
similarly-equipped, so it could be
reassigned to another district when
necessary.
The "Radio policemen" worked in
two-man cars on day watch, 10:00 a.m. to
6:00 p.m. As both officers were assumed
to be out together handling their calls,
once a unit was dispatched it was
considered out of service until the
officers phoned in the disposition of
their call and that they were again
"clear" or available.
On night watch, 6:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m.,
and mornings, 2:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.,
there were originally three
officers in each radio car; two officers
would investigate the calls, while the
third remained in the car to monitor the
radio for any nearby emergency calls.
Manpower shortages ended that procedure
within a year or two. It should be noted
that the radio cars were only dispatched
on high-priority calls. Routine calls
would be assigned to other officers either
at the station or when they made their
hourly telephone or "Gamewell"
check-ins.
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